Endocrinology
Endocrinology in dogs and cats is the specialty of veterinary medicine that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of diseases related to the endocrine glands and hormone production in these animals. These glands, such as the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas and adrenal glands, produce hormones that regulate vital functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction and water balance.
Main endocrine diseases in dogs and cats
- Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism: Imbalances in the production of thyroid hormones, with hyperthyroidism being more common in cats and hypothyroidism more frequent in dogs.
- Diabetes mellitus: Chronic disease characterized by deficiency or poor use of insulin, leading to increased blood sugar.
- Diabetes insipidus: Related to a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), causing excessive thirst and urination.
- Cushing's syndrome (hyperadrenocorticism): Excessive production of hormones by the adrenal glands, especially cortisol.
- Addison's syndrome (hypoadrenocorticism): Insufficient production of adrenal hormones .
- Obesity: Considered a chronic disease that can be associated with hormonal imbalances and lead to other serious complications.
When to see a veterinary endocrinologist?
Some clinical signs that indicate the need for endocrinological evaluation include:
- Dermatological changes
- Excessive thirst and urination
- Altered appetite (increased or decreased)
- Excessive sleepiness
- Significant weight loss or gain
Diagnosis and treatment
Diagnosis involves detailed clinical examinations, laboratory tests (blood and urine tests), ultrasounds and other specific tests to identify hormonal imbalances and their causes. . Treatment may include specific medications, hormonal supplementation, special diets and ongoing monitoring to adjust therapies according to the animal's response. . Veterinary endocrinology is essential to ensure the well-being and quality of life of dogs and cats that present these conditions, providing adequate and personalized management. . This information is based on sources specializing in veterinary endocrinology for dogs and cats.
